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FPGEE Chapter 6 Renal Disorders (1 of 41) Sample Questions

1. Factors that may increase the risk of renal failure may include:

A. Hemorrhage
B. Heart diseases
C. Oliguria
D. Pulmonary edema
E. All are correct

Ans: E

Tips: A. Hemorrhage: Significant blood loss, such as from severe bleeding, can lead to decreased blood perfusion to the kidneys and potentially result in renal failure.
B. Heart diseases: The patient's history of hypertension, diabetes, and congestive heart failure indicates the presence of underlying heart diseases. Heart diseases can impair the blood flow and oxygenation to the kidneys, leading to renal dysfunction or failure.
C. Oliguria: Oliguria, which is decreased urine output, can be a sign of impaired kidney function. It can be caused by various factors, including reduced blood flow to the kidneys, which can occur in conditions like heart diseases.
D. Pulmonary edema: Pulmonary edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, often seen in congestive heart failure. When the heart cannot effectively pump blood, fluid can back up into the lungs, causing pulmonary edema. This condition can further compromise kidney function due to reduced blood flow and oxygenation.

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